吴景峰，刘 峰

　　(河北省衡水水文勘测研究中心，河北 衡水 053000)

　　摘要：针对我国华北平原常态化引调水工程监控对水文监测数据的时效性、准确性越来越高的要求，不断提高自动化监测能力和水平是解决问题的有效途径，因此在华北平原引水工程水量监测站安装超声波时差法流量监测系统，分析工作流程，开展研发实践应用。在分析测量原理的基础上，运用数理统计法建立时差法流量多元线性回归模型，通过与同步实测流量比测，率定模型参数。对监测成果进行定线精度评定和关系线检验，满足一类精度流量站要求。在一次引黄输水期验证流量测验精度及监测系统性能，结果表明：时差法流量与实测流量系统误差为-0.55 m3/s，径流量相对误差为0.17%，测验精确度高;时差法流量监测系统运行稳定可靠，可实现明渠流量实时在线监测和数据远程传输功能，建设成本较低，有推广应用意义。

　　关键词：超声波时差法;流量监测;监测系统;平原渠道;参数率定;应用;比测

　　中图分类号：TB51;P332

　　Application of ultrasonic time difference method in plain channel flow monitoring

　　WU Jingfeng, LIU Feng

　　(Hengshui Hydrological Survey and Research Center of Hebei Province,Hengshui 053000,China)

　　Abstract：In view of the increasing requirements for the timeliness and accuracy of hydrological monitoring data in the monitoring of normalized water diversion and transfer projects in North China Plain, it is an effective way to continuously improve the ability and level of automatic monitoring. The flow monitoring system of ultrasonic time difference method is installed in the water quantity monitoring station of water diversion project in North China Plain for analyzing the work flow and carrying out R&D practice application. Based on the analysis of the measurement principle, the multiple linear regression model of time difference method flow is established by using mathematical statistics, and the model parameters are calibrated by comparing with the synchronous measured flow. The alignment accuracy evaluation and relation line inspection of the monitoring results are carried out, which can meet the requirements of class I precision flow station. Accuracy of flow measurement and performance of monitoring system are verified in a Yellow River diversion period. Results show that the systematic error between the time difference method and the measured flow is -0.55 m3/s, the relative error of runoff is 0.17%; The time difference method flow monitoring system runs stably, reliably and precisely, and can realize the functions of real-time on-line flow monitoring and data remote transmission in open channel. The method has low construction cost, and has popularization and application significance.

　　Key words： ultrasonic time difference method;flow monitoring;monitoring system;plain channel;parameter calibration;application;comparative measurement