陈真玄1，张 怡2，杨 柳1，孟庆学3

　　(1.水利部信息中心，北京100053;

　　2.北京金水信息技术发展有限公司，北京100053;

　　3.北京沛海科技有限公司，北京100083)

　　摘 要：在当前国际形势下，为避免核心技术受制于人，数据库国产化是必然趋势。分析目前国产数据库的现状、应用场景，数据库国产化实施的难点及改造中面临的问题，介绍国产数据库的主要技术路线，分析主从、分布式等架构的技术特点和读写方式，以及数据同步、一致性、分片及分布式事务等具体实现原理，论述达梦、金仓、OceanBase和TBase等主流国产数据库产品的技术背景及技术方案，并对几款代表性的国产数据库进行分析比较，提出水利行业数据库选型的重点考虑因素，提供水利行业国产数据库选型及迁移改造建议，为水利信息产业国产化推进过程中正在进行国产数据库选型的用户提供参考。

　　关键词：数据库;国产化;选型;主从架构;分布式架构;一致性;分布式事务;水利行业

　　Thoughts on selection of domestic database in water conservancy industry

　　CHEN Zhenxuan 1，ZHANG Yi 2，YANG Liu1，MENG Qingxue3

　　(1. Information Center，Ministry of Water Resources，Beijing 100053，China;

　　2. Beijing Jinshui Information Technology Development Co.，Ltd.，Beijing 100053，China;

　　3. Beijing PowehiDB Technology Co.，Ltd.，Beijing 100083，China)

　　Abstract: This paper summaries the present situation, applications, difficulties in the implementation of domestic database. The main technical routes of domestic databases, as well as the technical characteristics, read-write modes of master-slave and distributed framework, the implementation principles of data synchronization, data consistency, data fragmentation and distributed transaction are analyzed the technical background and technical proposal of mainstream domestic database such as DM database, KingbaseES, OceanBase, TBase and so on, are discussed and compared. When considering domestic database selection, the key factors in water conservancy industry should be addressed to better understand how to select domestic databases in the process of localization promoting in the water conservancy information industry.

　　Key words: domestic database;localization;selection; master-slave framework;distributed framework; consistency; distributed transaction;water conservancy industry