江澜宏1，崔金鹏2，毕增锋2

(1.江西省景德镇市水文局，江西 景德镇333000;2. 北京金水燕禹科技有限公司，北京 100089)

　　摘 要：为研究北斗卫星在超标准洪水等特殊恶劣自然环境情况下的水文数据通信情况，以2020年7月8日昌江流域超标准洪水监测中北斗卫星通信的实际应用为实例，对荷塘水文站点的北斗卫星与GPRS 2种通信信道在不同降雨级别情况下收发的雨水情数据进行对比分析，统计水文遥测数据时效性和畅通率，计算数据准确性，分析北斗卫星通信雨衰情况。经过对比分析，发现GPRS和北斗卫星 2种通信信道上报的数据准确性、畅通率基本一致，时效性方面北斗卫星相比GPRS信道略有延迟，北斗卫星信道在短时强降雨情况下仍然能稳定、成功地上报雨水情数据。结果表明：北斗卫星短报文通信，在超标准洪水时地面通信网络中断的情况下，能够作为主信道GPRS的有效补充。

　　关键词：北斗卫星通信;GPRS;短报文通信;雨水情数据传输;超标准洪水;监测

　　Application analysis of Beidou Satellite communication system flood exceeding designed level monitoring

　　JIANG Lanhong 1, CUI Jinpeng 2, BI Zengfeng 2

　　(1. Hydrological Bureau of Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, Jingdezhen 333000, China;

　　2. Beijing Jinshui Yanyu Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing 100089, China)

　　Abstracts: In order to study the hydrological data communication of Beidou satellite under the special harsh natural environment such as out-of-gauge flood, this paper takes the practical application of Beidou satellite communication in the out-of-gauge flood monitoring of Changjiang River Basin on July 8, 2020 as an example, compares and analyses the hydrological data sent and received by Beidou satellite and GPRS communication channels at Hetang hydrological station under different rainfall levels, makes statistics on timeliness and patency rate of hydrological telemetry data, calculates data accuracy, and analyzes rain fading of Beidou satellite communication. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the accuracy and petancy rate of data reported by GPRS and Beidou satellite are basically the same. Beidou satellite has a slight delay in timeliness compared with GPRS channel, and Beidou satellite channel can still report water and rain data stably and successfully under short and strong rainfall conditions. The results show that the short message communication function of Beidou Satellite can be used as an effective supplement for the main channel GPRS in case that ground communication network is down because of flood exceeding the designed level.

　　Key words: Beidou Satellite communication; GPRS; short messages communication; rainfall data transmission; out-of-gauge flood; monitoring