邓柳言1，杨岚1，谭俊鹏2

　　(1.广西壮族自治区水文中心，广西 南宁 530023;

　　2.河池水文中心，广西 河池 547000)

　　摘要：河流水能资源梯级开发对水文站水文监测造成了较大的影响，水位流量关系变得散乱，在洪水涨落过程或水利工程回水影响期，现用的综合水位流量关系法推算的实时流量可能出现较大偏差。为应对受水利工程回水等因素影响下的水文监测难题，探讨用落差指数法对受影响水文站水位流量关系进行单值化处理，用实测水位信息推算出实时流量，从而实现流量在线监测。以珠江流域西江干流大湟江口水文站为例，用该站2017年以来的实测资料，对落差指数法有关参数进行率定，以单值化关系推算流量。分析结果表明:所推算流量的精度满足规范要求，基本解决大湟江口水文站受影响后的流量实时在线监测和水文资料整编定线难题，可为开展西江干流浔江河段水情预警、生态流量监控、水文分析评价提供良好的实时流量信息支撑。

　　关键词：水文站;水文监测;落差指数法;单值化;流量在线监测

　　Discussion on the application of fall index method for on-line discharge monitoring at Dahuang Jiangkou hydrological station

　　DENG Liuyan, YANG Lan, TAN Junpeng

　　(1. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Hydrological Center, Nanning 530023, China;

　　2. Hechi Hydrological Center, Hechi 547000, China)

　　Abstract: The cascade development of river hydropower resources has a great impact on the monitoring of hydrological stations and the stage-discharge relationship has become scattered. The real-time discharge calculated by current integrated stage-discharge relationship method may have large deviations during flood fluctuations or backwater due to hydraulic projects. In order to deal with the influence of backwater, this paper discusses the fall index method, which uses single-valued processing of stage-discharge relationship so that on-line discharge monitoring is realized by directly calculating from real-time water level. Dahuang Jiangkou hydrological station is selected as a case study, which locates on the main channel of Xijiang River in the Pearl River Basin. Relevant parameters of fall index method are calibrated by historical data observed since 2017 and the discharge is calculated with single-valued relationship. The results show that accuracy of calculated discharge meets the specification requirements. The method can provide good real-time flow information support for early warning, ecological flow monitoring, hydrological analysis and evaluation of Xunjiang reach of Xijiang River.

　　Key words: hydrological station; hydrological monitoring; fall index method; single-valued processing; on-line flow monitoring